In-Payments: New bi-weekly blog! Paze to be Fastlane? Click to Pay and the battle for checkout
The Race to Simplify Online Checkout is getting crowded: Click to Pay (Visa/MC/Amex/Discover), Link (Stripe), Fastlane (PayPal), and Paze (same bank consortium as Zelle).
In the world of digital commerce, where convenience is king, the checkout process remains a critical factor in driving conversions. Cart abandonment rates hover around 70%, with complicated checkout processes being a major culprit. Enter streamlined checkout solutions like Click to Pay, Link, Fastlane and, Paze—each vying to simplify how we pay online. But what sets these solutions apart, and which one is most likely to emerge as the dominant player?
If you’re a US consumer, you have likely already had one or many digital checkout experiences where a third party (i.e. not the site/merchant) is offering you to save your payments information for a quicker checkout. Though this is not a new concept, the competitive race has heated up over the last 6 months with new entrants, Fastlane and Paze, and recent renewed focus and GTM efforts from “incumbents”, Click to Pay (Visa and Mastercard) and Link (Stripe).
What these checkout solutions have in common
Before digging in on differentiators and which player is more likely to dominate, let’s look at what they all have in common.
- All four services are solving for convenience (consumer) and conversion (merchant) by offering solutions allowing consumers to save their payments information (and shipping address, though optional) and never have to enter/type this again across all participating merchants (that have enabled the respective solution) within that particular solution’s merchant network.
- All four services all address what we call the Guest Checkout use case, i.e. consumers not opting neither for a branded checkout option (ApplePay, PayPal etc) nor creating/logging into an account with the merchant (Paze could be considered a hybrid as there is a distinct “Paze” payment button at checkout placed next to other branded solutions/payments buttons, see fig.8 below).
- All four solutions require some level of a consumer sign-up process as a first-time user.
A few key observations based on this;
- This type of solution will increase conversion for most merchants, but it also does this, in theory, for the merchant’s competitors
- The benefits of signing up for any given checkout service must be super clear for the consumer (which is where merchant adoption as well as merchant discoverability are key factors) and the process of signing up must also be as friction free as possible
The Contenders - how they work and differentiate
1. Click to Pay
Click to Pay was launched in the United States in October 2019 by the four major card networks: Visa, Mastercard, American Express, and Discover. It was originally called Secure Remote Commerce, but was renamed Click to Pay in July 2020.
- On paper should win
- The Click to Pay issuer mandate is a requirement for card issuers to integrate Click to Pay technology into their systems
- Issuers seem to be starting to push/incentivize cardholders to sign up - most likely driven by network mandates
- Merchant and consumer reach
- According to recent estimates, there are currently “tens of thousands” participating merchants and over 70 million cardholders enrolled in Click to Pay across all 4 card networks.
- How it works - consumer experience
- A consumer, first-time user, getting to the payments page of a participating merchant’s checkout, fills out contact (email, phone) and shipping information, then when filling in card data is presented with the option to save their card information. If checked, screens indicate the data being saved/secured and then a confirmation that the card was added to Click to Pay. After that, the order is completed in a standard way. (See Fig.1-3 below)
- As a returning user (to any participating merchant’s checkout) this is where “the magic” happens. By inputting only email or phone number, the user is recognized and asked to authenticate via a verification code sent to the email/phone. On successful authentication, the saved card and personal information is pre-populated and all the consumer has to do is place the order. (See Fig.4-5 below)
Fig.1
Fig2
Fig.3
Fig.4
Fig.5
- How it works - merchant experience
- Merchants need to enroll in and integrate Click to Pay into their checkout. The enrollment as well as integration can happen either via a distribution partner (processor/acquirer/PSP) or directly with one of the card networks.
- Click to Pay is interoperable across all four networks, i.e. if, for example a merchant is integrated with Visa Click to Pay this will work with all card brands issued by the four.
- Key Strengths:
- Built-in trust with global card networks (consumers and merchants)
- Massive, potential consumer reach as Visa and Mastercard has mandated all issuers to enable Click to Pay
- Broad, potential merchant reach as most key processors/acquirers/PSPs offer Click to Pay as an option for their merchants (diminishing the merchant integration effort).
- Key Challenges:
- Less innovative compared to newer solutions - the consumer experience has, comparatively, still some unnecessary friction.
- Considering their addressable reach and time in market, both merchant and cardholder adoption has to be considered very low, which in turn negatively affects the network effects.
- The networks mainly rely on distribution partners (issuers, PSPs) - i.e. do not fully control their own destiny neither for merchant nor consumer adoption.
2. Link
Link is a checkout solution launched by Stripe in 2021. The service is available for all Stripe merchants and for the majority, they can just turn it on - i.e. it’s a configuration rather than an integration (no-code). Consumers can save credit cards, debit cards, or US bank accounts for faster checkout at any Link-enabled business. Link also supports Instant Bank Payments (US only).
- Merchant and consumer reach
- According to recent estimates, Stripe has over 1.6 million merchants. However, there are no numbers available on how many merchants have Link enabled nor on how many Link-enrolled consumers there are.
- How it works - consumer experience
- The consumer experience for a first-time Link user is very similar to Click to Pay, but as Stripe’s solution is more modern and technically sophisticated it is a simpler and faster experience. The other differentiator is the possibility for a consumer to save bank account information in addition to cards (see flow below in fig. 6-7)
- For returning users, the experience is very fast and frictionless with fewer screens/clicks (as compared to Click to Pay) (see fig.8 below)
Fig. 6
Fig.7
Fig.8
- How it works - merchant experience
- Link is included for all Stripe merchants and at no extra fee so, no enrollment is needed.
- Integration effort is very low or, for most merchants, just a configuration (no-code) to enable Link. Link also offers the ability for a merchant to recognize a returning user earlier in the checkout process, which in general allows for higher conversion rates.
- Key Strengths:
- Modern and low-friction consumer experience both for first-time and returning users.
- Consumers can save both cards and bank information
- Low-to-no effort for Stripe merchants to enable
- Key Challenges:
- Neither Stripe nor “Link” has any consumer brand recognition to speak of, which affects trust, speed of adoption (both consumer and merchant) as well as network effects.
- Stripe has very limited B2C experience so far and Link may need a more evolved consumer experience (app/wallet?) in addition to brand recognition to drive faster adoption and network effects. This obviously requires investment and opportunity cost considerations.
- Interesting twist; as a payments processor, Stripe also supports Click to Pay from V/MC
3. Fastlane
Fastlane, developed by PayPal, is an AI-driven guest checkout experience first introduced in January, 2024, and then made generally available for all PayPal merchants in the US in August same year. Please see detailed descriptions of Fastlane in our PayPal initiation note, published in March, 2024, as well as in a follow-up note, published in August, 2024. These notes include; How it works - consumer and merchant experience.
- Merchant and consumer reach
- According to the latest reported numbers, PayPal has 432 Million active accounts (consumers and merchants). The number of merchant accounts is estimated at 40 million.
- Key Strengths:
- PayPal is one of the most trusted brands in the world
- Massive install base/reach (no effort required by a PayPal merchant to accept Fastlane) and huge volumes of consumer data (used to recognize a guest checkout user earlier in the checkout process).
- Of these 4 solutions, Fastlane is the only one with a path towards monetization of the checkout service (outside of “just” increased payments/processing volume, which is true for all 4) by turning guest checkout consumers into users of a PayPal product and with big upselling opportunities (turning Fastlane users into PayPal wallet/branded users).
- Key Challenges:
- Potential risk of the brand (“Fastlane by PayPal”) not appealing to consumer demographics that are unlikely to want to use a PayPal product
- Potential risk of cannibalizing sales of PayPal branded (both direct sales and via distribution partners).
- Interesting twist; as a payments processor, PayPal also supports Click to Pay from V/MC
4. Paze
Paze, a digital checkout solution from the consortium of banks behind Zelle, became available in September, 2024, and is looking to rival traditional wallets like PayPal and Apple Pay (see fig.9). It focuses a lot of its positioning on privacy, giving consumers the ability to keep their information within their own financial institution without having to share card details with merchants or other third-parties. Paze is not technically a digital wallet as it, just like Zelle, is offered/enabled via the participating banks’ app/website rather than via a unified Paze app/wallet. Paze refers to this model as a “bank wallet”.
- Merchant and consumer reach
- The platform is currently available to 125 million credit and debit cardholders at Bank of America, Wells Fargo, JPMorgan Chase, Capital One, PNC, Trust and US Bank. Number of Paze enabled merchants is approximately 80,000 (primarily small businesses).
- How it works - consumer experience
- The consumer must first activate Paze in their bank app (one of the 7 participating banks). At checkout of a participating merchant, the consumer clicks the “Paze” button or (if enabled by merchant) inputs the same email associated with their online banking access. Then the consumer identity is verified with a one-time passcode sent to their phone. The consumer can then choose the eligible card you want to use to complete the purchase without having to manually enter your card details. (see fig.9)
Fig.9
Fig.10
- Key Strengths:
- High trust factor
- There’s never a need for typing card data - not even for a first-time user (as cards are “push-provisioned” from the issuing bank).
- Very large addressable consumer/card install base
- Key Challenges:
- Will require significant effort and investments to drive “Paze” brand awareness as well as adoption both on the merchant and consumer sides (Zelle not having a unified consumer experience, leaving that to each member bank, severely hampered speed of adoption, network effects and brand awareness).
- The consumer experience has more screens/clicks/friction than the other 3 contenders.
- Paze doesn’t really address the guest checkout use case as Paze is a payment button next to other branded payment options, which means competing head on with PayPal, Apple Pay etc.
So, who will win?
- Merchant Adoption: The perception that Click to Pay would have a natural advantage here, given the global reach of Visa and Mastercard, has so far been proven incorrect. Both Fastlane and Link have key advantages through the low/no-effort to enable merchant acceptance. With that said, PayPal’s 40 million merchant base (plus already having closed distribution deals with major players like Adyen and Fiserv) should give Fastlane the upper hand.
- Consumer Adoption: Consumer payment preferences are largely driven by trust, convenience and incentives (in that order). We don’t see a clear winner on trust (probably a tie between Click to Pay and Paze). Link and Fastlane are neck-to-neck in convenience, but Fastlane being able to leverage PayPal consumer data could be the tie-breaker. When it comes to incentives, all four solutions have relied solely on convenience as the main incentive. However, we have recently seen examples of issuers providing incentives in the form of rewards for their cardholders to enable their cards for Click to Pay (which in turn is most likely driven by incentives provided by Visa/Mastercard to the issuers). This done at scale could change the game, but would also require the networks to do something similar to speed up merchant adoption.
- Features and Innovation: Stripe is the most tech-forward of the four contenders and Link’s approach to leveraging direct bank payments may attract demographics seeking alternatives to traditional card payments.
- Strategic and revenue impact: As of now, none of these solutions are generating direct revenue (i.e. there are no separate merchant fees), but rather different forms of indirect, incremental revenue through increased processing volume and/or consumer spend. They should all also benefit from lower fraud rates, i.e. lower cost. As previously mentioned though, of these four contenders, Fastlane most likely has the biggest opportunity to be directly monetized by exploring different upselling tactics into the PayPal branded ecosystem.